Table 6 NH₄⁺ formation from N₂ in Hadean hydrothermal systems. Fluxes (mol.kg^-1.yr^-1) are calculated as a function of N₂ conversion between 1 and 10%. Note that NH₄⁺ formation from NO₂^-/NO₃^- is not included in these calculations.

0.1

5.9 × 10⁸

7.3 × 10⁸

8.8 × 10⁸

1.0 × 10⁹

1.2 × 10⁹

0.5

2.9 × 10⁹

3.7 × 10⁹

4.4 × 10⁹

5.1 × 10⁹

5.9 × 10⁹

1

5.94 × 10⁹

7.3 × 10⁹

8.8 × 10⁹

1.0 × 10¹⁰

1.2 × 10¹⁰

2

1.2 × 10¹⁰

1.5 × 10¹⁰

1.8 × 10¹⁰

2.1 × 10¹⁰

2.4 × 10¹⁰

5

2.9 × 10¹⁰

3.7 × 10¹⁰

4.4 × 10¹⁰

5.1 × 10¹⁰

5.9 × 10¹⁰

10

5.9 × 10¹⁰

7.3 × 10¹⁰

8.8 × 10¹⁰

1.0 × 10¹¹

1.2 × 10¹¹

20% of Earth's heat flow is released via hydrothermal activity

N ₂ conversion

Hadean heat flow (× PDHF)

%

4

5

6

7

8

0.1

9.4 × 10⁹

1.2 × 10¹⁰

1.4 × 10¹⁰

1.7 × 10¹⁰

1.9 × 10¹⁰

0.5

4.7 × 10¹⁰

5.9 × 10¹⁰

7.1 × 10¹⁰

8.2 × 10¹⁰

9.4 × 10¹⁰

1

9.5 × 10¹⁰

1.2 × 10¹¹

1.4 × 10¹¹

1.7 × 10¹¹

1.9 × 10¹¹

2

1.9 × 10¹¹

2.4 × 10¹¹

2.8 × 10¹¹

3.3 × 10¹¹

3.8 × 10¹¹

5

4.7 × 10¹¹

5.9 × 10¹¹

7.1 × 10¹¹

8.2 × 10¹¹

9.4 × 10¹¹

10

9.4 × 10¹¹

1.2 × 10¹²

1.4 × 10¹²

1.7 × 10¹²

1.9 × 10¹²

80% of Earth's heat flow is released via hydrothermal activity

N ₂ conversion

Hadean heat flow (× PDHF)

%

4

5

6

7

8

0.1

9.4 × 10⁹

1.2 × 10¹⁰

1.4 × 10¹⁰

1.7 × 10¹⁰

1.9 × 10¹⁰

0.5

4.7 × 10¹⁰

5.9 × 10¹⁰

7.1 × 10¹⁰

8.2 × 10¹⁰

9.4 × 10¹⁰

1

9.5 × 10¹⁰

1.2 × 10¹¹

1.4 × 10¹¹

1.7 × 10¹¹

1.9 × 10¹¹

2

1.9 × 10¹¹

2.4 × 10¹¹

2.8 × 10¹¹

3.3 × 10¹¹

3.8 × 10¹¹

5

4.7 × 10¹¹

5.9 × 10¹¹

7.1 × 10¹¹

8.2 × 10¹¹

9.4 × 10¹¹

10

9.4 × 10¹¹

1.2 × 10¹²

1.4 × 10¹²

1.7 × 10¹²

1.9 × 10¹²