Table 3 Reaction network, Reaction thermodynamics, and kinetics for mineral–water interactions
No. | Minerals | Reactions | log Keq [65] | logk [(mol/m2)/s] [69] | SSAa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kinetic reactions | |||||
1 | Quartz | SiO2(s) ⇔ SiO2(aq) | −4.00 | −13.41 | 0.017 [54] |
2 | K-Feldspar | KAlSi3O8 + 4H+ ⇔ Al3+ + K+ + 2H2O + 3SiO2(aq) | −0.27 | −12.41 | 0.098 [55] |
3 | Clinochlore-14A | \( {\text{Mg}}_{5} {\text{Al}}_{2} {\text{Si}}_{3} {\text{O}}_{10} \left( {\text{OH}} \right)_{8} + 8{\text{H}}^{ + } \Leftrightarrow 5{\text{Mg}}^{2 + } + 2{\text{Al}}\left( {\text{OH}} \right)_{4}^{ - } + 3{\text{SiO}}_{2} \left( {\text{aq}} \right) + 4{\text{H}}_{2} {\text{O}} \) | 67.24 | −12.52 | 1.10 [56] |
4 | Daphnite-14A | \( {\text{Fe}}_{5} {\text{Al}}_{2} {\text{Si}}_{3} {\text{O}}_{10} \left( {\text{OH}} \right)_{8} + 8{\text{H}}^{ + } \Leftrightarrow 5{\text{Fe}}^{2 + } + 2{\text{Al}}\left( {\text{OH}} \right)_{4}^{ - } + 3{\text{SiO}}_{2} \left( {\text{aq}} \right) + 4{\text{H}}_{2} {\text{O}} \) | 52.28 | −12.52 | 1.10 [56] |
5 | Muscovite | KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 + 10H+ ⇔ K+ + 3Al3+ + 3SiO2(aq) + 6H2O | 13.58 | −13.55 | 14.28 [57] |
6 | Kaolinite | Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 6H+ ⇔ 2Al3+ + 5H2O + 2SiO2 | 6.81 | −13.18 | 14.70 [58] |
7 | Illite | K0.6Mg0.25Al1.8Al0.5Si3.5O10(OH)2 + 8H+ ⇔ 0.25 Mg2++0.6K++2.30Al3+ + 3.50SiO2(aq) + 5H2O | 9.02 | −11.60 | 65.00 [57] |
8 | Sericite | KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 + 10H+ ⇔ K+ + 3Al3+ + 3SiO2(aq) + 6H2O | 13.58 | −13.55 | 57.00 [59] |
9 | Dolomite | \( {\text{CaMg}}\left( {{\text{CO}}_{3} } \right)_{2} \left( {\text{s}} \right) \Leftrightarrow {\text{Ca}}^{2 + } + {\text{Mg}}^{2 + } + 2{\text{CO}}_{3}^{2 - } \) | −16.70 | −7.53 | 0.25 [60] |
10 | Calcite | \( {\text{CaCO}}_{3} \left( {\text{s}} \right) \Leftrightarrow {\text{Ca}}^{2 + } + {\text{CO}}_{3}^{2 - } \) | −8.48 | −5.81 | 0.48 [61] |
11 | Gypsum | \( {\text{CaSO}}_{ 4} \left( {\text{s}} \right) \Leftrightarrow {\text{Ca}}^{ 2+ } + {\text{SO}}_{4}^{{2{ - }}} + 2 {\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}} \) | −4.48 | −2.79 | 7.00 [62] |
12 | Celestite | \( {\text{SrSO}}_{ 4} \left( {\text{s}} \right) \Leftrightarrow {\text{Sr}}^{ 2+ } + {\text{SO}}_{4}^{2 - } \) | −5.68 | – | 1.22 [63] |
13 | Barite | \( {\text{BaSO}}_{ 4} \left( {\text{s}} \right) \Leftrightarrow {\text{Ba}}^{ 2+ } + {\text{SO}}_{4}^{2 - } \) | −9.97 | −7.90 | 1.47 [61] |
14 | Gibbsite | Al(OH)3(s) + 3H+ ⇔ Al3+ + 3H2O | 8.11 | −11.50 | 6.50 [64] |