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Table 5 Cases with contamination detected during direct discharge of MSW into rivers [14, 15, 89]

From: How long do natural waters “remember” release incidents of Marcellus Shale waters: a first order approximation using reactive transport modeling

Receiving water body

MSW release rate (×10−3 m3/s)

River flow rate (m3/day)

DF

[Cl] in discharge outlet (mg/L)

Calculated [Cl] in river (mg/L)

Monitored [Cl] in river (mg/L)

Blacklick creek

6.70

432,000

739

80,542.00

107.78

195.00 ± 175.00

Monongahela river

111.10

4,893,000

510

28,879.00

56.62

136.80 ± 2.70

Ten mile creek

11.30

1,223,000

1246

44,915.00

35.84

61.90 ± 2.49

  1. The release rates and flow rates are from literature; DF is calculated as the ratio of the reported river flow rate over the MSW release rate; [Cl] in the discharge outlet are measured values from literature; Calculated [Cl] in river are estimated by dividing the measured [Cl] in the discharge outlet with DF. Monitored [Cl] was directly from literature